International Seminar Rural Urban and Community Health (ISRUNCH)

MOTHERS ATTITUDE WHO HAVE A TODDLER WITH ARI TO HUSBANDS WHO SMOKE IN THE HOUSE

Wed, 06 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Infant, toddler and child mortality rates is one of the most basic health indicators. The 13 million toddlers in the world die every year and most are caused by Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI). Many factors affect the occurrence of ARI in infants, one of them is the behavioral factor. Harmful behavioral factor such as smoking in the house may increase the risk of ARI in infants. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the attitude of mothers who have children with ARI to husbands who smoke in the house. Method: This research used quantitative descriptive method. The sampling technique used total sampling that was all mother who have toddler of ARI as many as 49 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire to find out the attitude of the mother to the smoking husband in the house. Results: The results showed that the attitude of mothers who have toddler with ARI to husbands who smoked in the majority house had a positive attitude (55.1%). Conclusion: A mother who has a toddler with ARI is positive toward a husband who smokes indoors.

EFFECT OF COMMUNITY BASED INTERVENTION PROGRAMS ON PREVENTION OF EARLYCHILDHOOD CARIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES : A LITERATURE REVIEW

Febi Susanti, Dumilah Ayuningtyas — Wed, 06 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world. About 60-95% of children in developed countries and developing countries experience caries. Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is prevalent in low-income countries, especially in Southeast Asia and Africa. Objective: To analyze the concept of community-based interventions in early childhood caries prevention efforts in three developing countries, Uganda, El Salvador and Malaysia. Method: This study is a literature review of published articles. Article search using ProQuest and Wiley Online from 2010 to 2018, with keywords early childhood caries, community-based intervention and developing countries. Results: In the PROMISE-EBF program in Uganda, the duration of breastfeeding does not affect the occurrence of early caries in children, but this EBF (exclusive breastfeeding) intervention can be done to identify children who are at ECC risk and a priority to get an oral health care programs. The ASAPROSA program in El Salvaor consists of three activities namely dental and oral health education, distribution of toothbrushes and toothpaste every three times a year and the application of fluoride. This program is effective in reducing the prevalence of child caries. While the EDWP program in Malaysia places more emphasis on three aspects, namely: cognitive, psychomotor and attitude. The EDWP program has proven effective in reducing the prevalence of child caries and increasing maternal knowledge about dental and oral health. Conclusion: Community- based intervention programs in each country have advantages and disadvantages. Implementation in each country is not the same because it adapts to the conditions of society and the environment in the country.

THE DESCRIPTION OF KNOWLEDGE OF URIC ACID PATIENTS TO REDUCE URIC ACID LEVELS IN KERTASEMAYA HEALTH CENTER OF INDRAMAYU DISTRICT YEAR 2018

Dedeh Husnaniyah, Novi Dwi Irmawati, Widya Fitriyani — Thu, 07 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Uric acid is the result of metabolism in the body whose levels should not be excessive. Uric acid appears as a recurrent inflammation of the joints, symptoms of uric acid attack are swelling, redness, severe pain, heat and movement disorders. Uric acid can be prevented with good knowledge about procedures for reducing uric acid levels. The purpose of the study is to determine the description of uric acid sufferers' knowledge in an effort to reduce uric acid levels in the Kertasemaya Health Center, Indramayu Regency in 2018. Subjects and Methods: The research is a quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The population in this study were patients diagnosed with uric acid in the work area of Kertasemaya Health Center. Sampling is done by using a purposive sampling technique of 104 respondents. Research instruments using questionnaires and data analysis used are univariate analysis. Result: The results shows of the 104 respondents, the percentage of respondents was the most at the age of ≤ 55 years, namely 52.8% (55 respondents), more women who suffered from urid acid than men as much as 70.2% (73 respondents), percentage the education of respondents at most Elementary Schools is 66.3 (69 respondents) and respondents who have good knowledge are more compared to respondents who have enough and less knowledge that is 71.4% (75 respondents). Conclusion: The conclusion of the study is that more uric acid sufferers in the work area of Kertasemaya health center have good knowledge.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN INFANTS

Thu, 07 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: diarrhea is a change of intestine movement which is marked by the increasing frequency of defecate and the liquid stool consistency. Diarrhea in lack nutrition toddler is often found in the developing country, the worse nutrition of the toddlers, the worse diarrhea happens to them. Mother's Breast milk and good nutrition enough can be the best prevention to the possibility of diarrhea. The number of toddler who got diarrhea, the health center gave more attention because it could cause dead for the toddler. Method: this research used quantitative analytic method with cross-sectional approach. The population as many as 1,610 toddlers and the sample taken by using proporsional random sampling and got collected 75 toddlers. This research was processed in univariat and bivariat ways and was analyzed by using chi-square test (X2). Result: based on the toddler nutrition statue from 75 respondents, the highest frequency was less nutrition as many as 42 toddlers (56,%), the highest frequency of toddler diarrhea occurrence was 47 toddlers (62,7%), there is a significant relationship between nutrition statue and the diarrhea occurrence in toddlers because a^ p (0,05>0,000) and chi-square value of chi square (X) count > chi square (X2) table (66,237>7,815).

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BULLYING WITH THE TEENAGER ANXIETY LEVEL

Thu, 07 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Bullying is an aggressive behavior of someone or a group of people which attack, insult and ostracize the helpless people repeteadly. Bullying is well known as a social problem that is often found especially in teenager. The impact that usually appear as the effect of bullying behavior is anxiety. Anxiety is a 'not fun' emotional condition that can affect his perception about something and the physical condition from the individual that can be happened in any situations. Objective: the objectives of this research is to know the relationship between bullying and the teenger anxiety level. Method: method in this research was a quantitative research with cross-sectional approach. Sample was taken by using total sampling, as many as 32 respondents. This research instrument used HARS questionnaire by sharing check list sheet to the respondents which was consisted of 20 questions. Results: the result in of research showed teenager in little anxiety category as much (3,1%), moderate anxiety (34,4%), severe anxiety (12,5%) very severe anxiety (50,0%) verbal bullying category (50%), nonverbal bullying (50%). Conclusion: there is a significant between bullying occurrence in teenager and the very severe level of anxiety because p-value < a (0,00 < 0,05).

ROLE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT IN IMPROVING LIFE QUALITY OF RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS WITH HEMODIALYSIS: LITERATUR REVIEW

Ema Herlinawati, Dumilah Ayuningtyas — Thu, 07 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Hemodialysis in patients with kidney failure often causes anxiety and stress besides being physically disturbed. The treatment of long-term illness eventually results in further discomfort and psychological disorders. This study aims to collect and analyze articles related to psychosocial support in patients with chronic renal failure with hemodialysis to improve the patient life quality and Life Expectancy. Subjects and Methods: The design used is the review literature, articles are collected using the Proquest search engine, EBSCO and science direct and other related articles. The criteria for the articles used are those published from 2008-2018. Results: Based on the study it was found that people who received hemodialysis had a high level of depression. Psychosocial support from family, close friends, the community or from health care workers decreases anxiety and anxiety in patients with chronic kidney failure with hemodialysis and can even prevent suicide. Conclusion: Psychosocial support is also needed so that the patient is willing to accept his condition so that he can improve the life quality even with hemodialysis throughout his life.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EATING OUT IN ADOLESCENTS

Erlina Andika D Pratiwi, Triyanti Triyanti — Thu, 07 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Over the past few years, eating outside the home (OH) has become a common activity for family to do and is also done by adolescents. Adolescence is seen as an important period for youth as they transition to adulthood. Subjects and Methods: We have identified some factors that are associated with eating out. We conducted a systematic review of the article that published in the last 10 years. There were 9 articles that met the criteria and were included in this review. Results: Foods consumed outside the home are important sources of energy in all age groups and their energy contribution increases in adolescents and young adults. Eating outside of home was associated with anthropometry measurement such as waist circumference and body mass index. In addition, eating out of home is also associated with gender and physical activities. There were some studies showed that eating out is also associated with food security such as the quality of foods. Conclusion: From the factors that we found, it can be concluded that eating out is associated with health status and some individual characteristics in adolescents.

COMPARISON OF TREATMENT FOR CERVICAL CANCER BETWEEN CHEMO-RADIATION (CCRT/CT) AND RADIOTHERAPY (RT): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Fifi Dwijayanti, R. Sutiawan — Thu, 07 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of female cancer death worldwide. Chemo-radiation together with chemotherapy (CCRT/CT) are the standard of procedure for patients with advanced cervical cancer, which is able to reduce the death risk about 30-50% compared to radiation alone. Aims: This study aims to see at the effectiveness of treatment in cervical cancer patients based on Overall-Survival (OS), disease-free-survival (DFS) and progression-free-survival (PFS). Subject and Methods: The subject of this study is cervical cancer patient who treat with chemotherapy/chemoradiation and radiotherapy. This systematic review used the PRISMA method. Eight journal articles about comparing survival cervical cancer patients with chemo-radiation/chemotherapy (CCRT/CT) and radiotherapy treatment were reviewed after being filtered from 3,291. Articles were also assessed for inclusion and exclusion criteria by the population, intervention/treatment, comparison, outcome and study design method and critical appraisal from Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Result: Based on screening inclusion and exclusion criteria, sample, years of publication and full text, the number of journals selected from 261 articles are 8 journals. Seven of eight studies explained that groups treated with chemo-radiation/chemotherapy (CCRT/CT) has a higher survival rate (OS) than radiotherapy (RT) only. While based on DFS and PFS showed similar results. Conclusion: The conclusion shows the treatment of cervical cancer in the group chemo-radiation/chemotherapy (CCRT/CT) was more effective in prolonging the survival rate of patients than only radiotherapy.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF MEN SEX WITH MEN (MSM) ON TEENS IN INDRAMAYU

Idham Latif, Dian Fitriyani, Dartiwen Dartiwen — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Sexual behavior between males is become a problem in Indonesia nowadays because it caused HIV infection, that the most sexual intercourse common by the adolescents. Therefore, adolescence health problems considering high risk for the occurrence of health problems, physiologically their reproductive system of adolescents has begun to mature and intend to incresing their reproductive needs. On the other hand adolescents can be influenced by others so that the psychological condition of adolescents tends to be unstable. As a result, the most adolescents age groups risk with the issues of reproductive health. Subject and Methods: The subject study were male teenagers with HIV affected men through the doctor's diagnosis, which ever perform sexual behavior at 10-20 years old. The total population of the study was conducted at Bhayangkara Hospital which 25 people as samples and taken by purposive sampling technique. The number of informants were not specified, but data saturation into size. Data obtain saturated if there is no update information. Data collection was conducted using an interview guide through in-depth interviews. The thematic analysis used in this study. The number of informants were successfully met and informed as many as 17 respondents, but there were 8 respondents willing to be interviewed. Results: This study revealed several factors that affect the sexual adolescents behavior of male sex with men in Indramayu, occurred due to their childhood has had fond of feelings toward the same sex, nurtured in an environment of a feminist, lack of closeness with the father, lack of religion guidance, migration rural tow, city association, low relationships, the role of social media especially the internet. Conclusion: The research results recommends to parents to give more attention through childhood environment as giving appropriate toys/games, having good communication between children and fathers, strengthen the religious foundation, monitoring and limit same-sex relationships and internet usage.

REPRESENTATION TEACHERS ATTITUDE REPRODUCTIVE OF HEALTH EDUCATION AVOID SEXUAL VIOLENCE TO CHILDREN

Ni Ketut Citrawati, Komang Wira Budiari, Made Sudiari — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Sexual violence are still occurs in children it was one of caused by a lack of children's knowledge about reproductive health, whereas many parents still consider taboo in talking about reproductive health Subjects and Methods: The study was descriptive study used cross sectional approach, The population in this study were state by elementary school teachers in the Sesetan region with the number of samples in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, namely 64 people Result: The Result of this study were 43 samples (67.2%) have good of reproductive health education knowledge, 20 samples (31.3%) have sufficient of reproductive health education knowledge, and 1 sample (1.6%) has lack of reproductive health education knowledge. The result of Teacher's attitude is 64 samples (100%) have posittive attitude and the result of teacher's behavior researcher gets 49 samples (76,6%) have good behavior, 15 samples (23.4%) have sufficient behavior. From three results that researcher got the conclusion of this result are 42 samples (65.6%) have good behavior, 21 samples (32.8%) have enough behavior and 1 sample (1.6%) has lach of behavior. Discussion: The conclusion of this study were most of the teacher have good of reproductive health knowledge education, they have good attitude and good behavior in reproductive health education to avoid sexual violence to children.

DETERMINANTS OF STUNTING IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS IN URBAN AREAS: A LITERATUR REVIEW

Nia Pratiwi, Ella Nurlaella Hadi — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Stunting is a serious public health problem and occurring in first 1000 days of life. The aim of this research to describe determinants of stunting in children under 5 years at urban areas. Method: A literature review used electronic database subscribed by the Universitas Indonesia; EBSCO. The search method uses several keywords namely 'determinants' AND 'stunting' AND 'urban areas' then filtered based on certain publications from 2008 to 2018, using full text, children under 5 years and English. Result: Based on the results of the literature review conducted, it can be seen determinants of stunting in children under 5 years in urban areas is family socioeconomic status, place of residence, food insecurity, gender, child’s age, low birth weight (LBW), mother's age at first birth, maternal height, early initiation of breastfeeding, antenatal care visit, consumption of iodized salt and mother’s education. Conclusion : Of the 12 variables which are determinants of stunting in children under 5 years in urban areas, the variable socio-economic status of the family is a variable that often arises. The need for intervention on the first 1000 days of life. In addition, interventions in the pre-conception period were needed to prevent the occurrence of stunting.

PREPARATION OF HEALTHY SERANG DISTRICT MASTERPLAN

Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Healthy district/city is a clean, comfortable, safe and healthy district/city which can be achieved through the implementation of multiple arrangements with integrated activities agreed upon by communities and local governments. The implementation of Healthy Regency/City is a variety of activities through community empowerment, through forums facilitated by district/city governments. Objective: To provide the planning documents which become the reference or guidance in the implementation of a Healthy District in Serang regency. Output: Potential, problems and challenges of health development in Serang Regency for each order; strategy and recommendation. Methods: Primary and secondary data collection by direct interview with the major Organization of Regional Devices related to each order. Focussed Group Discussion to the chief of sub-district/secretary of the sub-district and statistical analysis as well as descriptive statistics. Results: Health characteristics in each order of healthy district, potential, problems and challenges of health development in Serang regency for each order. Conclusion: Compiled potentials, problems, and challenges in Serang Regency, strategies and recommendations to achieve a Healthy Serang Regency.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT IN AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE PT. GMF AEROASIA TBK

Rachmat Hidayat, Tan Malaka, Novrikasari Novrikasari — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Occupational Health Risk Assessment (OHRA) is an instrument to determine Occupational Health Riks by conducting hazard identification, exposure assessment, risk assessment, risk management and documentation. PT GMF AEROASIA has a variety of hazards as well as having a high enough exposure so that the health risk assessment needs to be done. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of work activities, identify potential hazards, exposure level, and to determine the health risks that may arise, and to determine the control priority based on the Risk Manageability Matrix. Method: This study used descriptive survey approach utilizing Walk Through Survey, sampling and measurement of exposures to occupational health hazards in the form of physicasl, chemicals, biologicals, ergonomics and psychosocial. Results were analyzed and reported using matrices of Hazard Rating, Exposure Rating, and Risk Rating. Risk Manageability Matrix was then constructed to determine the management priority of the high and medium rating hazards. Result: This study found occupational health hazards in the high risk category were food sanitation and ergonomic. On the medium risk category were Noise, vibration and psychosocial while exposure to chemical hazards such as Methyl Ethyl Ketone and Ethyl benzene were low category. Conclusion: It was concluded that high risk category of occupational health hazards at PT GMF AEROASIA were Food Sanitation and Ergonomic, while on the medium scale were noise, vibration and psychosocial. It was therefore recommended that PT. GMF AEROASIA address these identified occupational health risks.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE USE OF GADGETS WITH THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN

Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: the children introduction to gadgets usually started from the parent’s or families’ wrong diversion ways. Lots of children use gadgets for there is not the open area that provides area of modern and traditional games. Objectives: to know the relationship between duration of the use of gadgets with the social development of pre-school children at Panoongan neighborhood Ciamis village. Methods: research method quantitative analytic with the cross sectional approach. Sample in this research was 56 parents of pre-school age in Panoongan neighborhood by using total sampling tehnique Result: duration of the use of gadgets in pre-school children, most of them had category as long as many as 36 respondents (64,3%), social development of pre-school children mostly categorized as not good as many as 34 respondents (60,7%), and there was a significant relationship between duration of the use of gadgets with the preschool children social development at Panoongan neighborhood Ciamis village Ciamis district (p value 0,000). Conclusion: there was a significant relationship between duration of the use of gadgets with the pre school children social development at Panoongan neighborhood Ciamis village. So that was expected that parents would be more careful in watching over and monitoring their children activities in using gadgets to minimize the negative sides from it.

PATIENT SAFETY IN MENTAL HOSPITAL: A SYSTEMATIC MAPPING STUDY

Rusmulyadi Rusmulyadi, Ede Surya Darmawan — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Bacground: Patient safety has become a global issue. Research and reports in major countries indicated incidents of patient safety often occurred in mental health services. This study was attempted to review patient safety incident in mental health service facilities and the factors that influence them. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted with systematic mapping studies related to patient safety implementation in a mental facility. There were 40 research articles were evaluated from various online sources that related to ProQuest, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. It was conducted by entering keywords appropriate to the topic. The obtained results were analyzed and discussed to produce conclusions. Discussion: Several patient safety incidents in mental health service, those were violence and aggression, patient victimization, self-harm, suicide, and unexpected death, seclusion and restraint, slipping, tripping, falling and other patient accidents, abscondment, and adverse medication and diagnostic events. There were several factors those contribute to the incidence of safety in mental health services, namely patient factors, provider factors, organizational factors, and the physical environment. Conclusion: Patient safety in mental health service is unique compared to physical health services that also require more specialized treatment. Providers and mental health service organizations must make efforts to develop supporting factors for patient safety.

EVALUATION HOSPITAL DISASTER PREPAREDNESS IN WEST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA

Suparni Suparni, Fatma Lestari — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background : Ensuring the functionality of hospitals and making them safe in the event of disasters poses a major challenge, not only because of the high number of hospitals and their high cost but because there is limited information about current levels of safety and emergency and disaster management in hospitals. Therefore, the aim of this research is to assess disaster preparedness of hospitals at West Java Province, Indonesia. Subjects and Methods: The data for this study were collected from 10 government hospitals in west Java Province using HSI checklist from the World Health Organization (Pan American Health Organization/WHO; 2015) is modified to Bahasa Indonesia Version by the researchers. Analyzing by qualitative method and the sum of the elements for each sub-module led to a total sum, in turn, categorizing by emergency disaster management into one of three categories: A) safe; B) at risk; or C) inadequate. Results: The special hospitals (n=3) were all level B, while the public hospitals (n=5) were all categorized as level B, the public hospitals (n=1) were all categorized as level A, the public hospitals (n=1) were all categorized as level C with respect to disaster management. A lack of hospital emergency and disaster response and recovery planning. There was a minimum coordination of emergency and disaster management activities. The results suggest that the level of hospital preparedness, for disaster for government hospital need a commitment and good support systems. Conclusion: This study showed that the hospital disaster preparedness level, as measured emergency and disaster management by Hospital Safety Index (HIS), west Java Hospital as a government hospital in a Level A, B and C. The hospital’s current safety levels are such that patients, hospital staff and its ability to function during and after a disaster are potentially at risk. The level of hospital preparedness is related to hospital accreditation status. To minimize the damage and the suffering the disasters might cause, it is important to maximally mobilize all human resources to cope with difficult situations

DISSEMINATION OF HEALTH WORKERS AT THE PUBLIC HEALTH CENTREIN INDONESIA, BASED ON POPULATION AND REGION OF INDONESIA

Yuni Sari Romadhona, Kemal N. Siregar — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Health workers in Public Health Centre (PHC) are the front line of the health service in the community. In an attempt to provide the optimal health service to the community, PHC has to be supported by the adequate in quantity and dissemination of health workers. The aims of this study to describe the health worker’s condition at the PHC in Indonesia, based on the ratio of population and the dissemination in three regions of Indonesia (west, central and east). Subjects and Method: The data used from Centre of Data and Information, Ministry of Health which updated in June 2018. There are nine types of health workers in Puskesmas based on Permenkes No. 75/2014. Data analyzed by SPSS program. Results: The Health worker’s condition at the PHC in Indonesia had an inequality in quantity and dissemination. Most of Health workers at the PHC in Indonesia are midwives 153.707 (42.58%). The ratio of Dentist is 3.58 per 100.000 populations. There’s still any PHC has less number in laboratory technician (0.81–11.59) and public health officer (0.84–31.65) per 100.000 population. The dissemination of health workers was concentrated in western Indonesia. Conclusions: Most health workers at the PHC in Indonesia, based on the ratio of the population, is a midwife and nurse. As for the distribution of health workers in PHC based on the region of Indonesia shows that the Central Region and Eastern Indonesia still have a lack of health workers.

EFFECT OBESITY ON FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Zakiyah Zakiyah, Caroline Endah Wuryaningsih — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The incidence of obesity in women is higher than men. Besides being a risk factor for multiple metabolic disorders, obesity could effect female reproduction. We aimed to assess the effect of obesity on female reproductive health. Subjects and Methods: We conducted a systematic review on all types of study designs that have an effect obesity on female reproductive health during pregnancy or not in pregnancy. In pregnant women measurements of obesity with MUAC (Mid Upper Arm Circumference) and in non-pregnant women with BMI (body mass index). The location of the study involved countries in the highest obesity region in the world; America, Europe, and Eastern Mediterranean. Result: We retrieved 737 citations from multiple database pubmed and Ebsco. Of 315 title and abstracts reviewed, 6 articles met inclusion criteria. In a total of 6 articles showed significant effect obesity on PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), BC (breast cancer) postmenopausal, and non- HGSC (non-high grade serous ovarian cancers). Effect in mothers during pregnancy is increased high blood pressure, gestational diabetes melitus, preeclampsia, and risk for caesarean deliveries. Conclusion: We found the impact of obesity on women during pregnancy and not pregnancy. There is need for education campaigns publicizing obesity as an important risk factor for female reproductive health and encouraging females to physical activity, consumption of balanced nutrition and pursue healthy lifestyle.

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF ANXIETY WITH SLEEP QUALITY ELDERLY AT PSTW SENJARAWI BANDUNG CITY IN 2018

Martono Prasetya, Fazriana Fazriana, Gebi Elmi Nurhayati — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Symptoms of anxiety are a feeling of anger, anxiety, panic and sleep quality decreased. Preliminary study that in PSTW parlance Bandung City there are 70 people. The phenomenon in the orphanage is elderly feel anxious that shown by elderly behavior such as anxiety, irritability and elderly sleep quality decreased. The aimed of this study to was determine correlation the level of anxiety with sleep quality elderly at PSTW Senjarawi Bandung City 2018. Subjects and Methods: Type of descriptive correlative research with Cross Sectional Approach. The population used was total sampling technique is 70 people. The research instrument to was Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indeks (HAR-S) is anxiety and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indeks (PSQI) variable is sleep quality variable. Data analysis was done by univariate for percentage and bivariate using spearman rank. Results: showed that 44.3% had moderate anxiety, 68.6% of elderly had poor sleep quality and there was an association between anxiety level and sleep quality in elderly (p-value 0,000 & r = 0.46). Conclusion: This research can be concluded in accordance with specific objectives, namely: Obtained 44.3% of the elderly at PSTW Senjarawi, Bandung, experienced moderate anxiety, 68.6% of the elderly in PSTW Senjarawi Bandung city had bad sleep quality. There is a significant correlation between the level of anxiety and sleep quality in the elderly (p-value 0,000 & r = 0.46). Suggestions for panti can provide activities to the elderly, such as elderly gymnastics, health education, in order to reduce the level of anxiety and poor sleep quality.

AIR POLLUTION AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN URBAN : LITERATUR REVIEW

Vida Widiani, Yaslis Ilyas — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: New data from the World Health Organization (WHO) released, shows that 9 out of 10 people breathe air containing high levels of pollutants. Updated estimations reveal an alarming death toll of 7 million people every year caused by ambient (outdoor) and household air pollution. People die every year from exposure to fine particles in polluted air that penetrate deep into the lungs and cardiovascular system, causing diseases including stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and respiratory infections, including pneumonia. With progress in transportation, the increasing population of urban population and high public activity along with the ease of transportation vehicles has brought an increased number of motorized vehicles in Indonesia. This can be known from statistics based on Bada Pusat Statistik Indonesia showing an increase in motorized vehicles from the year 2000-2016, which is made up of passenger cars, bus cars, cars, and motorbikes. Very significant increase seen in number of vehicles change motorcycles as much as 105,150,082 vehicles out of a total number of 129,281,079 vehicles are there in Indonesia by the year 2016. Indonesia is included into one country in Southeast Asia that have ambient air pollution above the threshold value. On the Peraturan Pemerintah RI No. 41 Tahun 1999 set the threshold value for PM2.5 is 15 and the latest data WHO stated that Indonesia is currently at number 16.4 meaning still remains above the threshold values of PM 2.5 that has been established by the government of Indonesia. Method: The methods used in the writing of this article was a literature review a literature search both international and national which is done using the database Proquest, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Searching articles from the year 2008 to 2018 using the keyword "transport", "air pollution", "urban" and "Respiratory". Taken 15 research articles that are considered most relevant.

ANALYSIS ON MATERNAL MORTALITY IN BOGOR DISTRICT BASED ON MATERNAL VERBAL AUDIT: CONTENT ANALYSIS

Juariah Sadeli Bahari, Deni K. Sunjaya — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Maternal mortality in Bogor is still high. There were 270 cases of maternal death during the year 2010 - 2013. The Government has made various efforts to reduce maternal deaths, but the results are not optimal yet. Identification of the exact causes of maternal deaths, provide valuable input into efforts to prevent deaths in the future. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that contribute to maternal mortality and to analyze how these factors lead to maternal death. Methods: The first phase of this study was data analyzing on 270 cases recorded in maternal verbal autopsy documents from 2010 to 2013. The next step was conducting in-depth interviews to 10 community midwives, followed by Focus Group Discussion witch participated by 15 important persons, i.e. Head of Bogor District Health Bureau, Head of the Community Health Centers, Head of District Midwives Organization and Chief of EMAS (Expanding Maternal and Neonatal Survival) Program. Result: The results showed that the distribution of maternal deaths occur in Bogor subdistrict clusters or buildup in some areas of the Subdistrict Ciampea, Cijeruk, Jasinga, Rumpin and Cibinong. That Factors contribute to maternal mortality in Bogor, such as : low education, low socioeconomic, age factors, cultural factors, lack of empowerment of women, birth attendants, confidence in paraji, delivery complications, delays in the referral process and handling in place of reference , Efforts to reduce maternal mortality conducted through two important things, namely strengthening the health care system both in service tertiary, secondary and primary care and strengthening community empowerment systems. Conclusion: Maternal mortality is an issue that has never finished with the complexity of the causes that require effort involving many parties. That not only health care providers problems but for all, such as is relevant stakeholders supported by government regulation. The result of this study has been a resource in making regional regulation on Maternal, Infant and Children Health at Bogor District.

PUBLIC DRUGS MANAGEMENT EVALUATION AT MEDICAL AND HEALTH SUPPLIES STORE OF SERANG DISTRICT HEALTH OFFICE

Yeti Nuryeti, Yaslis Ilyas, Muhlisin Muhlisin — Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Good medicines management will have contribution to appropriate financial expenditures, to avoid the waste of state/regional, to increase access and ensure the medicines are used properly. Medicines management as logistical management cycle that includes the function of planning, procuring, receiving, storing, distributing, and using, which is those all function must be interrelated and reinforced by the appropriate management support system. To achieve the purpose of public medicine management in Medical and Health Supplies Store of Serang District Health Office, it is necessary to conduct an evaluation on public medicine management so that it can provide an assessment of public medicine management that has been implemented, can make improvement and also can be used by policy makers to review more appropriate strategies or targets. Method: The study was conducted using qualitative methods. The research design used was descriptive observative. Data collection is done retrospectively. The data obtained were identified then analyzed descriptively with a comparison of the standard values of indicators that had been set for medicine management in accordance with the guidelines of the Ministry of Health for evaluation of public medicine management in District pharmaceutical installations. Results: The Medical and Health Supplies Store (MHSS) of Serang which has the main tasks and functions of medicine/drugs management including the receipt, storage, distribution and reporting of medicines. The basic health facilities served by MHSS are 16 public health centers located in the entire working area of the Health Department of Serang District. Table 1. Public Drugs Management Evaluation At Medical And Health Supplies Store Of Serang District Health Office.

EARLY DETECTION OF MALARIA VECTORS THROUGH THE DIVERSITY OF ANOPHELES SP

Fri, 08 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease which gets serious attention throughout the world. Malaria is caused by a protozoan parasite infection – a genus of plasmodium which lives and breeds in infected human red blood cells. Ogan Komering Ulu District has a tropical and wet climate with temperatures varying between 22-31 celcius degree. These temperature conditions support the Anopheles mosquitoes breeding that have optimum development 20-30oC. The characteristics of the Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit malaria, they have black, short and small body, with the same length between proboscis and pupae. Aims: The aim of this research was to identify the morphology that can be useful to know the characters and total number of species so that it can describe the Anopheles diversity in an area. Subject and Methods: This research was conducted in December 2017 to March 2018. Based on the research that has been done, there are seven types of malaria vector found during this research, they are Anopheles barbirostris, Anopheles kochi, Anopheles maculatus, Anopheles nigerrimus, Anopheles subpictus, Anopheles tesselatus and Anopheles vagus. Result: The results of calculation of MHD, MBR, Relational Abundance, number frequency and dominance of figures showing that the mosquito Anopheles vagus has the highest percentage value of the vagus 9.97, 9.97, 88.05, 0.880, and 77.484. As for the mosquito Anopheles maculatus and Anopheles subpictus has the same and lowest percentage values of 0.02, 0.02, 0.18, 0.001, and 0.00018, which indicates that doubled in two different months, the mosquito Anopheles vagus has potenis most high as vectors of malaria. Anopheles vagus dominated his existence an hour catching up so that it is known that malaria vectors has a wide range of activities.

THE SYSTEM DYNAMICS AS A TOOL FOR MODELING HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

H. S. Rukmi, L. H. Almamalik — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Today, many people are interested in a system dynamics simulation, a methodology for solving complex and dynamic problems. The main purpose of this paper is to explain system dynamics as a modeling approach to model healthcare systems to gain an understanding of the system’s behavior. This increased understanding can be used to manage the system and in turn will translate to improve the health outcomes. The article presents a brief description of the system dynamics, the step of developing the model, and issues of modeling the healthcare system using a system dynamics approach. At the end, the paper presents the example of case using system dynamics modeling.

THE RAISE OF MHEALTH STARTUP UTILIZATION IN INDONESIA AS A NEW HEALTH COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN DIGITAL ERA

Gemasih Pintanine, Evi Martha — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: The high number of internet penetration and smartphone user recently make the mobile health startups are begin to rise. It offers many advantages by digitalizing healthcare to promote healthy life and health education. However, despite of its potential utilization for positive effects on health outcomes, the mobile health startup still under regulated and supervision. Method: The paper consisted a literature study, data collection and analysis using articles from a number of databases published in various research journals, articles, government reports, company websites related with mobile health. Results: There is no specific guidelines and policy regarding the mobile health startup related with the content, ethics, privacy and security issues as WHO recommended already. Recommendation: The government should lead the positive vibes of digitalizing healthcare of mobile health startup by performing a specific policy and guidelines to make the reliable yet trustable source of digital health platforms so it can be used widely.

YOGA FOR POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Intan Hajar Fauzanin, Evi Martha — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

The objective of this study is to examine yoga as complementary therapy for a prevention and an intervention in the management of postpartum depression. A systematic review of literatures published between 2008-2018 was conducted by searching Ebsco, PubMed, Proquest and Scopus databases. Studies were eligible if they focused on yoga intervention during postpartum as therapy for postpartum depression. We exclude articles using therapeutic intervention for postpartum depression. We retrieved 50 citations from four databases and 40 unduplicated citations were scanned manually for potential inclusion. After screening the 40 records, 36 records were excluded. The remaining three records were assessed for eligibility.There are differences across studies in terms of design, population, sample size, intervention approaches, that need to be carefully assessed for further studies. Yoga intervention in depressed postpartum women may be effective in partly reducing depressive symptoms. Additional studies need to be conducted to further understand the effect of yoga intervention on postpartum depression.

EFFECT OF MUSIC THERAPY ON PAIN SCALE AMONG WOMAN DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR AT CIAWIGEBANG COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER KUNINGAN IN 2017

Rany Muliany Sudirman, Riandini Haminullah — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Childbirth is one of the most valuable moments experienced by every married woman. Every woman in labor is inseparable from a condition often called labor pain. Labor pain is an unpleasant condition due to uterine contractions and cervical opening during labor. One non-pharmacological intervention can be provided by audio distraction, namely music therapy. Music therapy in the labor process serves to overcome anxiety and reduce pain. Objecive: This study aims to determine the effect of music therapy on pain scale among women during the first stage of labor in Ciawigebang Community Health Center in 2017. Method: This was a Pre-experimental study using the One Group Pre-test Post-test design. The populations in this study were 30-40 women in labor with 15 respondents as the samples taken with accidental sampling technique. Data analysis used a discrimination test for two dependent means which were not normally distributed (Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test). This study collected primary data using the instruments of observation sheet, mobile phones, headphones and stopwatch. Results: The study found that most respondents experienced a decrease in the scale of pain after the provision of music therapy for 15 minutes. The result of the statistical test obtained a p value of 0.014 <α = 0.05. Conclusion: there was an effect of music therapy on pain scale among women during the first stage of labor. Recommendation: music therapy can be one of the alternative therapies for women in labor to help them in coping with pain during the first stage of labor.

EFFECT OF LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY ON THE SCALE OF PAIN AMONG POST CAESAREAN SECTION PATIENTS IN WALET WARD OF CIDERES DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAl

Yophi Nugraha — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

The Labor is a process of expenditure of conception results that can live outside the uterus through the vagina to the outside world.Labor can be done by normal delivery method and cesarea delivery surgery.Pain is a common complaint inpostoperative patients sectio caesarea.One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can be given toreduce the pain is Lavender aromatherapy. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of lavender aromatherapy on the scale of pain on postoperative patients sectio caesarea at Cideres Hospital. This research was a quantitative research with pre experimental design and one group pre test and post test approach that conducted on April until May 2018. Respondents were selected with non probability technique in the form of quota sampling with 15 respondents. The data were analyzed by wilcoxon test. The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis showed that the average before being given the aroma of lavender therapy was 5.13 and the average result after being given the aroma of lavender therapy was 4.33. Bivariate results obtained p = 0.001. So it shows that there is a significant effect between before and after being given the aroma of lavender therapy in patients post Surgery Sectio Caesarea. The Lavender aromatherapy treatment had an effect to reduce the pain on postoperative patients sectio caesarea. Nurses are expected to make intervention in this research as one of the interventions in the hospital. For the next researchers can use the control group as a comparison and can take more of samples.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH PROMOTION STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY

Trisni Handayani, Dian Ayubi — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Adolescents are an age group that is prone to mental disorders. If not handled seriously it will have an impact on quality of life in adulthood. The mental health literacy approach through health promotion is an effort to improve the ability of adolescents to maintain and improve their mental health. Objective : To identify the effectiveness of health promotion related to adolescent mental health literacy at the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescents in recognizing problems and maintaining health behavior. Method: This study uses a literature review method, searching references through Online Databases such as EBSCO; Sage; Scopus; Emerald Insight, Wiley, Pubmed and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria in this study are journals published between 2000 - 2018 and books that are still valid and relevant to the formulation of the problem. Result: Literature review shows that health promotion is carried out to improve adolescent mental health literacy through various strategies are Advocacy, partnership and empowerment. Conclusion: Health promotion strategies related to mental health literacy can effectively increase adolescent knowledge and attitudes in encouraging behavior to improve their health.

THE EFFECTIVITY OF USING LOCAL LANGUAGE LEAFLET AND LOCAL LANGUAGE VIDEO TO IMPROVE THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DANGER OFSMOKING FOR TEENAGERS

Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Smoking is a usual activity that we always find in our society, although most of the people know the danger of it, but the habit of smoking still can be find in a big amount in our society, especially in the teenage area, whose stand in the biggest amount of smoker in Indonesia in this present. The health elucidation which aim at the changing attitude of the young generation by improve their knowledge, is influence by several elements, such as the matter or message that is delivered, the manner or props that is used, the method and the language that is spoke. The purpose of this research is to understand the effectivity of the use of leaflet and local language video to improve the knowledge about the danger of smoking to the teenager. This research applies the Quasi Experiment by Pretest and Posttest of Two Group Design by using the local language leaflet and video as the education to 120 teenagers whose knowledge is measured by questionnaire. The result of using the wilcoxon test shows that the use of both local language leaflet and video are equally effective to aware the teenagers to the danger of smoking, which p – 0.000 ≤ α = 0,05, the sum of mean after the announcement by using the local language leaflet is 1,98, and the amount of mean by using local language video is 2,32, means that the use of local language video is more effective to improve the knowledge of the teenagers about the danger of smoking than the use of local language leaflet with the mean difference amount 0,6.

ANALYSIS OF DOCTORS / DENTIST / SPECIALIST DISTRIBUTION AND THEIR EFFECT ON DISPARITY OF HEALTH SERVICES IN INDONESIA: LITERATURE REVIEW

Agustina Sukmasari, Amal Chalik Sjaaf — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background : Health development is an effort to fulfill the people's right to access to health services. It is also an investment that supports the improvement of the quality of human resources and plays an important role in the economic development and poverty reduction. Indonesia still faces challenges related to the ease of the community in getting access to quality health services. Disparities in health services can caused by uneven distribution of health workers, especially doctors / dentists / specialists, so it is hard for people to get quality health services. Most doctors / dentists / specialists prefer to be placed in urban areas. There are so many doctors / dentists / specialist in Java Island meanwhile the remote regions of Indonesia, especially in eastern Indonesia, are lack of doctors / dentists / specialists. This study aims to collect and analyze articles relating to the distribution of doctors / dentists / specialist and their influence on the disparity of health services in Indonesia. Subject and Methods : This study using a review literature as a method. Articles are collected with search engines in the range of 2008-2018 based on keywords set through Google Scholar. In addition, a review of related data was also carried out. Results : The results obtained from the literature review and analysis of related data obtained uneven distribution of doctors / dentists / specialists. The lack of regulations governing the distribution of doctors is one of the causes of disparity in health services. Conclusion : The conclusion of this study is that the disparity in health services in Indonesia is influenced by the uneven distribution of doctors / dentists / specialists.

ANALYSIS OF HEALTH EFFECT FOR FARMERS AS INSECTICIDE USERS IN PURWORAJA VILLAGE

Arga Dita Mentari, Arinafril Arinafril, Yuanita Windusari, Yustini Ardillah — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Pesticides are used in agriculture to increase the production of losses caused by various corpse bodies consisting of groups of pests and diseases and weeds. The type of pesticide that is widely used in Indonesia is insecticide. Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the use of insecticides, especially those related to public health in Purwaraja Village, Kikim Timur District, Lahat Regency. Method: This research was a quantitative research with cross sectional research design. This research was conducted in June 2017 with a sample of 85 respondents. Data processing and analysis was performed by presenting the frequency distribution of variables in the form of tables and analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Result: The results showed that the characteristics of farmers were mostly ≤46 years old (58.8%), and low education (elementary and junior high school) of 87.1%, the variables studied were not related to insecticide use, the majority (71.8%) farmers' knowledge about the impact of insecticide use on public health was categorized as poor, the majority (64.7%) of insecticide use on farmers was categorized as poor. Conclusion: Training and educating should be conducted to farmers in using insecticide correctly.

DROPPING OUT THE CONTRACEPTION FOR THE REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN WITH PREGNANT RISK (SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF SUSENAS 2016)

Ayu Rachmawati Listyowardani, Tri Krianto Karjoso — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012 shows modern Contraceptive Prevalence Rate in Reproductive Age Women of 57.9%. However, contraception dropping out rate is quite high which is at 27.1%. Allegedly, the causes of the dropping out are social demographic and health factors. Subjects and Methods: Secondary analysis of Susenas 2016. Samples were taken from 65.202 respondents according to the inclusion criteria for married women aged 15-19 and 36-49 years and those who are or have used contraception. Results: The proportion of contraceptive dropping out of the Reproductive Age Women who have a risk of pregnancy was 18.7%. Factors which have significant effect are education, occupation, residence, ownership of health insurance, expenditure quintile and number of living children. Conclusion: There is no single factor that causes high dropping out of contraception for Reproductive Age Women with pregnant at risk despite many factors contribute to this incident. Improving the contraceptive service program and counselling for the risk of pregnancy in the young or old age.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF FOOD HYGIENE SANITATION AGAINST THE EXISTENCE OF THE INTESTINES PARASITIC NEMATODE ON PECEL STALL FOOD IN CILILIN DISTRICT

Budiman Budiman, Khonsa Abdullah s — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: according to the directorate general PP & PL of the Ministry of Health Indonesian, The prevalence of disease of intestinal worms in some districts and cities in 2012 figures showing up 20 %, with the prevalence of highest in one district reached 76,67 %. The role of food producers and management to ensure security food must not in underestimate. Sanitation requirements of Food hygiene, there are some aspects that arranged in handling food, namely of them Food handler and groceries. This research aims to understand the relation of Food hygiene sanitation (the implementation of 6 food hygiene sanitation principle and Hygiene of food handler sanitation) against the existence of intestines parasitic nematode in Cililin District surrounding 2016. Subject and Methods: the study used the cross sectional with the sample obtained from 48 pecel stall to totally sampling technique. Intermediary technique data is primary by using sheets of observation. Analysis of data in univariate analysis to see a frequency distribution and bivariate analysis to see a relationship with x2 also the magnitude of the relationship (PR). Results: the of statistical test can be concluded that Hygiene sanitation food that is not qualified 30 (62.5 %) cause 87,5% Has done an election of fresh vegetables less hygiene, 62,5% Have been keeping fresh vegetables in the wrong place : in the basket (43,8%) and outside of the room (12,5%). For (54,2%) Way wash vegetable only soaked or distributed it with water, and (6,3%) not washed. 50,0% Storage methods after laundering fresh vegetables are in place not covered, 66,6% has been transporting fresh vegetables using open container and 54,2% presentation of fresh vegetables not by wrapping hand. Food handler hygiene sanitation who do not qualified 44 (91.7 %) and 16 sample (33.3%) there are parasitic nematode the intestines on fresh Vegetables. The results of statistical tests obtained, that there was a relation between hygiene sanitation food on the existence of intestines parasitic nematode (p value = 0,002, PR = 17), and there was no relation between hygiene sanitation of food handler on the existence of intestines parasitic nematode (p value = 0,286). Conclusion:

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR OF CONDOM USE IN WOMEN SEX WORKERS (WPS) IN TOURISM AREAS OF KUNINGAN REGENCY WEST JAVA IN 2017

Cecep Heriana, Ali Abzan, Sohel Rana, Ade Saprudin, Dera Sukmanawati — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: HIV/AIDS is a emerging disease in Indonesia with the high risk factor among heterosexual practitioners including the Kuningan district as tourist destination. Prevention efforts to female sex workers, in tourist destination, have been provided by increasing knowledge and attitude to change behavior through using condoms. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS prevention by using male condoms during sex at Kuningan tourism District. Subjects and Methods: Analytical cross sectional study design has been applied for this research with purposive sampling where 88 female sex workers were interviewed from tourist destination and non-tourist destination. Analysis has been performed using univariate and bivariate analysis (Chi-square test) statistical analysis. Results: The result of univariate analysis of knowledge among the respondents is good enough about HIV/AIDS which is 83.0% where supportive attitude about HIV/AIDS is 53.4% and only 60.2% use condom during sex. The result of bivariate analysis of p-value of knowledge is 0.049 (OR: 3.84) and p-value of attitude is 0.013 (OR: 3.02). Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a relationship between knowledge and behavior about HIV AIDS among male condom user during sex with female sex worker. On the other hand, there is also a relationship between attitudes and behavior about HIV/AIDS among male condom user during sex with female sex workers in tourist destinations. It is recommended to manage HIV/AIDS prevention programs properly and need to continue HIV/AIDS promotion activities which should be intensified especially in tourist destinations to change the behavior of female sex workers.

10 COUNTRIES WITH LOW IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE BASED ON WHO: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Cesylia Ananda Putriharianti, Dian Ayubi — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: WHO and UNICEF estimates that global immunization coverage has stopped 86% since 2010, less than the target of 90%. Nearly one in ten infants did not receive the vaccination in 2016. Among the 19.5 million children worldwide are not receiving 3 doses of DPT, during the first year of life, 11.8 million (61%) contained in 10 countries: Angola, Central African Republic, Chad, Equitorial Guinea, Guinea, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Syria and Ukraine. Subject and Methods: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that hinder the basic immunization coverage in 10 countries in the low immunization coverage The method used was a literature review, articles were collected using a search engine to perform the relevant publications in the period 2013-2018, by using a search engine such as EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and Proquest. Result: there are several factors inhibiting the conflict in 10 countries, the lack of parental education and low socioeconomic status, health information systems, people living in areas difficult to reach. Conclusion: The main factors are conflict in countries, low socioeconomic status, low level of knowledge about the importance of immunization.

ANALYSIS KNOWLEDGE WITH FAMILY SUPPORT TO PLWHA IN WORKING AREAS OF KALIWEDI HEALTH CENTER CIREBON

Dewi Erna Marisa — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

HIV AIDS is a group of deadly diseases in the world, especially Indonesia. HIV AIDS cases in Indonesia reported by the Directorate General of Communicable Disease (CDC) & Environmental Health (EH) of the Health Ministry of the Republic of Indonesia on 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012 21,511 cases for HIV and AIDS 5,686 cases and recorded deaths from HIV AIDS April 1, 1987 / December 31, 2012 were 8,235 cases (Directorate General of PP & PL of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2012). The purpose of this study was to analysis knowledge with family support to PLWHA in the working area of the Kaliwedi Health Center in Cirebon. The type of research used is analytical research, with a cross sectional study approach. In this study the sample taken was total sampling, which is the overall sampling of the population, as many as 15 ODHA families. The result analysis of correlation data shows that there is a relationship of knowledge with family support to PLWHA in the working area of Kaliwedi Health Center (P value : 0,000), it is expected that by knowing the relationship between knowledge and family support to PLWHA, it can improve the quality of family support by providing counseling to families of PLWHA.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND SUPPORT OF HUSBANDS WITH UNMET NEED EVENTS COUPLES OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN THE UPTD WORK AREA OF KUNINGAN HEALTH CENTER 2018

Erlina Dwi Septiani — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Unmet need KB is a fertile woman who does not use any contraception / contraceptive method but wants a postponement of pregnancy (thinning) or stops altogether (limiting) the number of children, the negative impact resulting from unmet need for family planning is that it can cause complications during pregnancy and affect the success of family planning programs in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between husband's knowledge and support and the incidence of unmet need for PUS in the work area of the UPTD in Kuningan Health Center in 2018. Subjects and Methods: The research method used in this study used an analytical method with a case control approach. The number of samples is 27 respondents with the sampling technique that is using purposive samples. Data analysis using the chi-square test. Results: The results of 27 respondents did not have a relationship between knowledge and incidence of needs that had not been fulfilled at PUS as evidenced by the value (p- value 1,000), there was no relationship between funds and the occurrence of unmet needs at PUS as evidenced by the value (p-value = 0.420). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, the authors concluded that husband's knowledge and support did not significantly influence the incidence of unmet needs. The results of this study are expected to be used as a reference to improve health services, especially in family planning (KB) and it is expected that health workers, especially midwives, not only provide counseling to mothers, but also involve husbands because husbands have influence in decision making for mothers to use contraception.

SPATIAL PATTERN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENT: ACCESSIBILITY, ENVIRONMENT AND LIFESTYLE FACTOR IN RURAL AREA

Hendra Rohman, Hanifah Miftahul Jannah, Andy Muharry — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Cases of pulmonary tuberculosis was increase and also with complications of diabetes mellitus. The lifestyle of rural communities, environment and access to health facilities were possible to be a risk factors in this cases. Analyzed by descriptive methods, the sample included 12 patient in 2017. The variables were pulmonary tuberculosis patients, topographic map, isohyet data and lifestyle. The villages areas of Hargosari and Banjarejo were the highest cases, and also founded patients pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus. The patient obstacle was the absence of public transport to the primary health centre and lack of economy to pay for motorcycle taxis. The buffer results of the distance between health facilities and the patient did show any obstacles. The areas with high rainfall was the areas that has the highest number of pulmonary tuberculosis patients, it was Kemadang areas as many as 5 patient, and spreads in the lowland to moderate areas (500 <metres above sea level) were Kemadang and Banjarejo areas. Clean and Healthy Behavior was less attention. Effort for prevention and promotion communicable and non-communicable disease needed to be socialized in rural areas with high rainfall intensity, difficult access to health facilities and program clean and healthy behavior.

EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON THE CHANGES IN FAMILY LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE IN PROVIDING CARE FOR CHILDREN AGED 4-6 YEARS WITH ASTHMA AT CIDERES DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL MAJALENGKA IN 2018

Idris Handriana — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Continuous asthma for a long time without any treatment can cause a person to have difficulty in breathing and it can even lead to death. Asthma in children at Cideres District General Hospital in 2016-2017 showed a fairly high increase of 44.7. This study aims to determine the effect of health education on the changes in family level of knowledge and attitude in providing care for children aged 4-6 years with asthma in Cideres District General Hospital Majalengka in 2018. This study was a quantitative study with cross sectional approach. The samples in this study were the families of children patients aged 4-6 years with asthma hospitalized in Cideres District General Hospital as many as 30 people chosen with accidental sampling technique. Hypothesis test used paired sample t-test with α = 0,05. The results showed that before health education more than half (54.3%) of families had moderate level of knowledge and after health education more than half (62,9%) of families had high level of knowledge. Before health education more than half (54.3%) of families had negative attitude and after health education more than half (51.4%) of families had positive attitude. There was a significant effect of health education on the changes in the level of family knowledge and attitude in providing care for children aged 4-6 years with asthma at Cideres District General Hospital Majalengka District in 2018. Healthcare providers are intended to increase health education activities to families about the care for children aged 4-6 years with asthma to improve family knowledge and attitude. Respondents are intended to consult and seek information from various sources to increase their knowledge about care for children with asthma.

IMMUNIZATION REFUSAL: A CHALLENGE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH

Indah Hartati, Yaslis Ilyas — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Immunization is a powerful public health strategy for improving children’s survival, not only by directly combating diseases that cause child mortality but also by providing a platform for other health services. Unfortunately, the rejection of immunization continues, not only in Indonesia but also in all parts of the world. Currently, the massive refusal of immunization often occurs mainly in the mass immunization campaign. This study aims to provide an overview to practitioners and observers of public health and policy makers in Indonesia about immunization refusal, its causes and consequences, and suggestions for overcoming this challenge. The method used in this study is literature review through comprehensive and non-systematic searches from several literature sources both nationally and internationally, using the terms “immunization refusal,” "vaccine refusal," "vaccine hesitancy," "vaccine confidence," "herd immunity," and "outbreak in the range of 2008-2018, with the results that the main reason for refusing immunization is risk/benefit; knowledge/awareness; and religion/culture/gender/socioeconomic. The incidence of illness and even death occurs in individuals/families/groups who refuse immunization to cause disturbing outbreaks. The need to recognize the problem of immunization refusal and its risks in a comprehensive manner to be able to formulate strategies and efforts for appropriate and effective public health..

ANALYSIS OF PATIENT PERCEPTION BASED ON NURSE CULTURE INCLUDING HOSPITALITY, CARING, AND ROLE CLARITY TOWARD SERVICE SATISFACTION OF HERMINA JATINEGARA HOSPITAL

Lilis lismayanti, Muhammad hadi, Hadianto Hadianto — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

The present study is aimed at finding out perception of patient related to nurse’s culture affecting patient’s satisfaction at Hermina Jatinegara Hospital. Method used in the study is mixed method of quantitative and qualitative with 86 patients as respondents as well as informants of interview in number of 5 people for the qualitative. The study result perceived that relation culture of nurse was good and satisfying with service reaching 91.2%. from the statistical test, it was obtained p value of 0.004 with OR value = 6.356 in accordance with sub variable type of friendly nurse reaching 89.1%, good caring will 88.5% and role clarity 92.7%. it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between nurse culture and patient satisfaction with p value of more than 0.005. The most dominant variable correlating with patient satisfaction is role clarity of nurse. A suggestion for Management of the hospital is that it is highly recommended to strengthen organizational culture through culture ongoing and periodic socialization.

MANDATE OF THE LAW ON DISABLED PERSONS

Muhammad Ilham Mardjuki — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Persons with disabilities are defined as every person who experiences physical, intellectual, mental, and/or sensory limitations for a long period of time in interacting with the environment can experience obstacles and difficulties to participate fully and effectively with other citizens based on equality of rights. As a follow-up to the Convention on The Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) held in New York in 2006 the Indonesian government passed Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. In this regulation mandating support programs for persons with disabilities include the establishment of a National Disability Commission, Cards for Persons with Disabilities, Sign Language as the official language for persons with sensory disabilities and so on. This regulation mandates the government to compile implementing regulations to accommodate the implementation of law number 8 of 2016 no later than 2 (two) years from the date the regulation is promulgated. This research method uses descriptive research methods by comparing the text of the legislation (literature review). The government's efforts to realize respect, promotion, protection and fulfillment of human rights and basic freedoms of persons with disabilities in full and equal have been carried out by ratifying the CRPD and issuing Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. But the rules that have strategic issues and program designs that can be implemented by the Central and Regional Governments are collided with technical rules. The deadline for drafting the derivative rules of the law is not realized either in the form of government regulations or presidential regulations.

THE ELDERLY’S HEALTH SERVICES IN THE RURAL AREAS IN INDONESIA

Mustopa Mustopa — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: the elderly are part of the most vulnerable, unfortunate and the least served populations in the society. It is crucial for us to know the elderly’s current situation in order to provide them with the access to health promotions and to serve to get them chronicle disease control service. It is predicted that the number of elderly in indonesia in 2020 shall amount to 11,34% or around 28.822.879 people. In regards to such complex problems of the elderly, indonesia has made some kind of nation planning from 2016 to 2019 one which is to enhance the number and quality of the first –level health facilities for the elderly and enhance the society’s and family participation and empowerment in serving the elderly. Method: this study shall review several literatures and evident base on the elderly’s health services in rural areas Indonesia. The author dug information sources of literatures from proquest and google scholars and employed keywords such as elderly care, village family planning, Posbindu and found 45 corresponding articles. The inclusion criteria was health services of rural areas and the author found 10 corresponding journals. Results: the author found 4 articles on the concept of elderly’s health services, 3 articles on elderly’s integrated development centers (posbindu lansia ), 3 articles on family’s development that has elderly at family planning village. In indonesia, around 90% of the people live in over 66 thousand villages. In each village there are 10 people working volunteers in family planning village. Their jobs is to promote family planning program without being paid. One of the activities that they conduct is providing information on development services of family some members of which are the elderly in a family planning village (Kampung KB). Non communicable diseases have become the main causes of death in many countries including Indonesia especially cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, and chronic respiratory disease. Effort to prevent and control these non communicables disease especially inflicting the elderly has already prevailed widely in Indonesia and have been established an almost every village, In those village have elderly’s integrated development centers non communicables service unit ( Posbindu Lansia PTM). Conclusion: it is relevant for this study to employ and integrated a family planning village program (Kampung KB) and Elderly’s integrated development centers non communicables service unit (Posbindu Lansia PTM) ,we expected that this model integration shall be able to bridge these programs in producing the service model cycles as expected for the elderly’s health services in the rural areas.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF PREDISPOSING FACTORS TO THE PRESENCE OF MOTHERS IN UTILIZING POSYANDU FOR TODDLER WEIGHING

Nur Hidayat, Dian Danu Wijaya, Henri Setiawan — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Predisposing factors are people's knowledge and attitude toward health, tradition and public confidence in matters relating to health, and value systems embraced by the community. Posyandu is one form of Community-resources Health Effort which is managed and run from, b, for and together the community in the implementation of health development. The presence of mothers in utilizing posyandu for toddler weighing important to do considering the current growth rate of infants is more increasing. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of predisposing factors with the attendance of mothers in utilizing posyandu for toddler weighing. Methode: The type of this research is quantitative analytical with Cross Sectional approach, and sampling technique using proportional random sampling. Of the population as much 296, number of samples meeting the inclusion criteria of 82 people. Results : Results show the majority of samples 20-35 years as much as (58.5), with junior high school level of (34.1%), as well as less knowledge level as much as (58.5%). The majority sample works (63.4%) with the majority income of low socioeconomic level (65.9%), and bad behavior frequency as much as (82.9%). Conclusion : there is a predisposing factor relationship (age, education, knowledge, work and socioeconomic) with the presence of mothers in utilizing posyandu for weighing toddler because, p-value = 0.000 and a = 0.05 so p-value <a.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE (LOW IMPACT AEROBIC AND JOGGING) ON DECREASING 2 HOURS POSTPRANDIAL (PP) BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS BABAKAN SARI COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER BANDUNG 2018

Nurhayati Nurhayati, Usan Daryaman, Nurlaeci Nurlaeci — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs because the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin or because the body cannot effectively use the insulin. Uncontrolled blood glucose levels in a long time can cause serious damage in many body systems, especially nerves and blood vessels (Parkeni, 2012). DM is a hyperglycemia disease characterized by absolute absence of insulin or a relative decrease in cell insensitivity to insulin (Corwin, 2009). According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2016, diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels), which is caused by a lack of insulin secretion, insulin activity or both (American Diabetes Association, 2016). This happens because the body cannot respond to insulin work resulting in ineffective insulin being produced, so the body's cells cannot take glucose and use it as energy (International Diabetes Federation, 2016). Typical symptoms that often arise in people with DM are polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria (excessive urination), polyphagia (excessive hunger), blurred vision and drastic weight loss (Lanywati, 2011). According to the Word Health Organization (WHO), 2015 as many as 80% of DM patients in the world come from developing countries, one of which is Indonesia. The increasing number of DM patients that occur consistently shows that DM disease is a health problem that needs special attention in health services in the community. The number of people with DM in the World as many as 387 million in 2014 increased to 415 million in 2015 and is expected to increase to 642 million by the year 2040. The number of deaths that occurred in 2015 was as many as 5.0 million (International Diabetes Federation, 2015). According to International Diabetes Mellitus , China has first rank with the number of DM patients 19.4 million, in the second there was India with the number of DM patients with 16.0 million people, and then the United States with the number of DM patients with 13.9 million people, Russia with the number DM patients , 9 million, Japan with 6.3 million people with DM, Brazil with DM with 4.9 million and Indonesia ranked 7th in the world at 4.5 million, (IDF, 2015). According to the Basic Health Research Report / Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) the prevalence of DM patients in 2013 (2.1%) experienced an increase compared to 2007 (1.1%). The incidence of DM in West Java is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has a high number of diabetics. Diabetes mellitus patients who did outpatient in several hospitals in West Java in 2014 it is about 40,853 people, while those who were admitted to inpatient were 7,658 people (West Java Health Office/ Dinas Kesehatan Jawa Barat, 2014). According to the Bandung City Health Office (Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung) that were 10 percent of the population suffering from Diabetes Melitus. Diabetes mellitus also ranks 5th as the most common disease in Bandung, the tendency of the incidence of diabetes mellitus in Bandung in 2015 is relatively increase if we compared to 2014. The incidence of diabetes mellitus 2015 reached 31,711 residents, while in 2014 it reached 24,301 residents (City Health Office of Bandung, 2015). Therapy Management of diabetes mellitus can be done by pharmacological therapy and non-pharmacological therapy. Pharmacological therapy is the management of diabetes mellitus

ANALYSIS OF THE LOW CAUSE OF EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION IN WORK IN FORMAL WORKERS IN INDRAMAYU DISTRICT PRIVATE EDUCATION INSTITUTION (QUALITATIVE STUDY AT VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL OF INDRAMAYU DISTRICT)

Rudiansyah Rudiansyah — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Social security workforce was a national program that must be followed by employer and workers across Indonesia. Constitution no 24 of 2011 launched a program BPJS employment in order to protect workers from the risk of death, pension time and accidents. However, in fact, a lot of workers have not registered yet BPJS employment mainly formal workers in the private educational institutions Indramayu. In Indramayu, there is 236 private schools but only two private schools that have registered. The aims are to analyze the causes of low participation BPJS Employment in the formal workers in the private education institution Indramayu district. Subjects and Methods: The research design was qualitative. The key informants were the head of Indramayu BPJS Labor and employment head, triangulation informants were the principal, chairman of the foundation, and private teachers remain. Result: The results showed that the problems causing the low membership of the BPJS Employment program have a link between policy implementation and the marketing mix. BPJS Employment Program will be carried out well if there is a commitment that must be built in terms of fulfilling human resources for socialization to the field, cooperation with labor agencies, supervision in accordance with policies, legal sanctions by local government, knowledge of workers towards the BPJS Employment program, understanding workers regarding contributions, improper promotions, knowing the distribution to the BPJS Employment service place. Conclusion: The low participation BPJS Employment in the formal workers in the private educational institutions Indramayu influenced by promotion and distribution product of Employment BPJS.

THE EFFECT OF PEER EDUCATION ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF ADOLESCENTS ON THE PREVENTION OF HIV-AIDS AT KORPRI VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL MAJALENGKA

Ruri Yuni Astari, Eri Fitriyani — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

HIV/AIDS cases in Majalengka District increase every year, in 2001-2015 there were 114 cases and there was an increase from 153 cases to 267 cases in 2017. One approach to effective health education to adolescents to prevent the increase of HIV/AIDS cases is Peer Education method. This study aims to determine the effect of peer education on the knowledge and attitude of adolescents on the prevention of HIV-AIDS in Korpri VHS Majalengka. This study used pre-experiment with one group pretest-posttest design approach. The population was class I students at Korpri Vocational High School with the samples of 83 students recruited with consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis used here was univariate analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis with paired t - test. The study result on knowledge showed that a small proportion (19.3%) of adolescents before peer education were well-informed and more than half (61.4%) of adolescents after peer education were well-informed. The study result on attitude showed that less than half (43.3%) of adolescents before peer education had positive attitude and more than half (55.4%) of adolescents after peer education had positive attitude. There was an effect of peer education on the knowledge and attitude of adolescents on the prevention of HIV- AIDS. There is an importance of the school to optimize the Student Council by holding seminars, discussions with peer education method under the guidance of the guidance and counseling teacher and there is a need to use wall magazines to disseminate information about the prevention of HIV/AIDS for adolescents.

ANALYSIS OF POST INTRODUCTION EVALUATION OF HPV VACCINE PROGRAM FOR CERVICAL CANCER PREVENTION IN INDONESIA

Sherli Karolina, Adang Bachtiar, Gertrudis Tandy, Hashta Meyta — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: In Indonesia, cervical cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer among women. As a primary prevention for cervical cancer, Ministry of Health in cooperation with GAVI and local government introduced HPV vaccine under The Demonstration Program of HPV immunization for female students grade 5 and 6 since 2016 in DKI Jakarta, Surabaya, and 2 districts in Yogyakarta. The aim of this study was to identify positive findings and address challenges of the HPV immunization program. Subjects and Methods: Post introduction evaluation (PIE) was conducted using WHO standardized tools for New Vaccine PIE Tool adapted for Indonesia context in Jakarta Province, Yogyakarta Province, and East Java Province. Evaluation was carried out at all levels of the health system in national, provincial, district, and health facility levels and include all key stakeholders and at all sectors including health, education, religious affairs and community. The study used purposeful sampling to provide a representative sample, consisting 6 districts in 3 provinces were selected for the evaluation. Data collection consisted of three parts: 1) desk review of planning and monitoring documents, 2) observation at vaccination session at schools (wherever vaccination ongoing), vaccines cold & dry storage, and waste management facilities, 3) interviews with key stakeholders, including officers at all levels of health system, girls, teachers, community leaders, and caregivers using standard questionnaires. All the information and data were compiled, analysed and consolidated through meeting. Results: The main best practices are: 1) HPV vaccine are well accepted; 2) Introduction was well integrated and perceived to have improved school health program; 3) Coverage was very high; 4) Good cold chain, injection safety, and waste management practices. The challenges are: 1) Inconsistent engagement with religious leaders and MORA; 2) Multiple gaps in policies, resulting in girls missing vaccination; 3) Errors in data quality; 4) Insufficient socialization to manage and respond to rumor. Conclusion: HPV immunization program are well accepted, but for better implementation in the future, the recommendations are: 1) Consider revising national HPV vaccination policy to include vaccination of girls not in school, and clarify policy on girls missing vaccination in Class 5; 2) Engage religious leaders and MORA in planning process and development of key messages to address rumors about halal/haram; 3) Increase socialization for teachers/health workers/community leaders on responding to rumors; 4) Reinforce guidance on enumerating target population and calculating coverage.

STUDY OF PHENOMENOLOGY: COMPLIANCE OF HYPERTENSION PATIENTS IN ELDERLY THAT OUTPATIENT IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER

Sri Sumartini, Suci Tuty Putri, Septian Andriyani — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Everyone has the same rights in gaining access to resources in the health sector, obtaining safe and quality health services, and having the right to be independent and responsible for determining the health services that are needed for her/himself. Compliance is a decision taken by the client after comparing perceived risks if not compliant and the benefits of outpatient compliance in outpatient hypertension patients. So that the role of family role and the role of health workers on patient compliance can affect the experience of hypertensive patients in the elderly during the outpatient process. With increasing life expectancy, it is very important to improve the quality of life of the elderly. Experience in the elderly with hypertension is influenced by social factors where he lives or distance, so it is important to know the extent to which experience in undergoing the outpatient process. The study aims to determine the experience of hypertensive patients in elderly who undergo outpatient care at the health center. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive, with a phenomenology study design. The location used in Padasuka public health center at the city of Bandung. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, selected based on certain criteria and willing to be interviewed. The results of the study illustrate that the role of the family, health workers in providing health services and medication compliance affect the compliance of elderly hypertensive patients in undergoing outpatient care at the Public Health Center.

RISK FACTORS GOUT ARTHRITIS AMONG ELDERLY AT WORKING AREA OF SINGAPARNA HEALTH CENTER YEAR 2018

Wuri Ratna Hidayani — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Gout Arthritis is a joint inflammatory disease due to the deposition of monosodium urate crystals found in other joint tissue fluids. The aims of this study was to determined the relationship between age, sex, obesity, exercise habits, with incidence of gout arthritis in the elderly at Working Area of Singaparna Health Center in Tasikmalaya Year 2018. Subject and Methods: The study was observational analytic using case control design. The population is all elderly at Working Area of Singaparna Health Center. The sample was 45-80 years old elderly who were selected based on inclusion criteria with totality sampling and consecutive sampling in January 2018. The instrument of this study used questionnaires and physical measurements. Data analysis used was univariate and bivariate. Result: The results of this study showed that were not relationship between sex (OR:0,58; CI 95%: 0,18-1,83; p=0,301), age(OR: 3,22 CI 95%: 0,27-85,70, p=0,3), exercise habits with gout arthritis (OR: 1,73, CI 95%:0,55-5,53,p=0,297). There was a relationship between obesity with the incidence of gout arthritis (OR: 14,50, CI 95%: 1,65 - 327,07, p=0,002). Conclusion: Based on this research result, it can be concluded that obesity was a risk factor for the incidence of gout arthritis.

THE INFLUENCE OF HEALTH EDUCATION BY USING ELECTRONIC MEDIA TOWARD VULVA HYGIENE BEHAVIOR ON FEMALE STUDENTS JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF PONTIANAK

Wuriani Wuriani, Tisa Gusmiah, Yenni L, Lilis Lestari, Lestari M, Lidia H — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: bad behavior in maintaining genital hygiene, such as washing it with dirty water, using excessive rinsing, using pants that do not absorb sweat, using pants tightly, rarely changing underwear, or changing pads rarely can trigger the onset of infection that causes vaginal discharge. So, the knowledge and behavior in maintaining external genital hygiene are two important factors in preventing vaginal discharge. Reproductive problems in teenagers need to be overcame seriously, because these problems most often occur in developing countries. Introduction: reproductive organs are one of the sensitive organs of the body and require special care. The good and correct knowledge and care are the important factors in maintaining reproductive health (Egan, 2009). One popular symptom happened and becoming an abnormality or disease of the reproductive organs is vaginal discharge. Vaginal discharge is the most often symptom experienced by most women, especially in teenagers. Vaginal discharge can be a form of physiological or pathological issue. In normal circumstances, vaginal mucus is odorless clear liquid, with the low amount and without itching or pain. Whereas in the pathological situation it will be the opposite, there are colored liquids, smelling, in large amounts and accompanied by itching and a feeling of heat or pain, and it can be felt very disturbing (Medli, 2009).

LEVEL OF PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE ABOUT TODDLERS DEVELOPMENT IN SIRNABAYA VILLAGE SUB-DISTRICT RAJADESA

Yuyun Rahayu, Tita Sopiawati, Asep Gunawan — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

An important period in child development is toddlerhood, at this time is the basic growth that will affect the development of the next child. Efforts to improve the quality of life for children under five are by monitoring development in children using the Early Growth Growth Stimulation instrument (SDIDTK). This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of mothers about the development of toddlers' assessment in Sirnabaya Village, Sub-District Rajadesa. The design of this study is descriptive. Respondents in this study were mothers who had children aged under five with their data collection techniques using proportional random sampling. The results of this study show sufficient maternal knowledge about developmental assessment of gross motor skills, and maternal knowledge that is still lacking in fine motor development, language, socialization and independence. Conclusion there are still many mothers who do not know about developmental assessment in children under five.

THE EFFECT OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION TECHNIQUE TO PAIN LEVEL OF APPENDECTOMY POST OPERATION PATIENTS IN WIRABUANA HOSPITAL PALU

Hasnidar Hasnidar, Afrina J Anuarista — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Appendectomy or surgical removal of the ceacum is an emergency abdominal surgery that is often performed in various countries around the world. In the United States, more than 250,000 appendectomy is done annually. The incidence of appendicitis tends to be stabled in the United States over the past 30 years, while the incidence of appendicitis is lower in developing and underdeveloped countries, especially African countries, and more rarely in low socio economic groups. In Indonesia the incidence of appendicitis is quite high, seen through an increase the number of patients year to year. Based on data achieved from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, cases of appendicitis in 2009 were 596,132 people and in 2010 the number of appendicitis patients was 621,435 people. Every surgery can cause discomfort and trauma for the patient. One that is often complained by clients is pain. Pain caused by surgery usually makes the patient feel very sick. Pain is a major problem in postoperative care where pain is a body's defense mechanism arises when there is system damage and causes the individual to react by moving pain stimuli Postoperative pain is a significant complication for most patients. Nonpharmacological management is currently highly recommended, because it does not cause side effects, and can help postoperative patients maintaining their own health. One no pharmacological treatment for pain relief according to experts is a progressive muscle relaxation technique. Progressive muscle relaxation is relaxation practice through stretching the muscles and resting them gradually and regularly. Progressive muscle relaxation exercises can provide smooth massage in various glands in the body, reduce cortisol production in the blood, restore adequate expenditure of hormones to provide emotional balance and peace of mind. Research on relaxation reveals that nursing interventions can calm body and feeling, relaxed and easier to sleep. The results of this sresearch are in line with the research on the effectiveness of relaxation techniques in decreasing the pain of patients in Muara Teweh Hospital 2013, it shows that out of 25. Respondents ,the level of pain of acute gastritis patients before giving relaxation techniques was mild pain of 4 people (16%), moderate pain 16 people (64%), controlled severe pain 5 people (20%). The level of pain in acute gastritis patients after applying relaxation techniques was 1 person (4%)no pain, mild pain 12 people (48%), moderate pain 7 people (28%), and controlled severe pain 5 people ( 20%). Data from the medical record of Wirabuana Hospital Palu city in 2015 shows there were 450 people (28.9%) post-operative appendectomy, in 2016 the number of patients post appendectomy was 512 (32.6%), and data from January to February 2017 the number of patients post appendectomy were 80 people (18.1%). Interviews with nurses at Wirabuana Hospital Palu shows that they knew progressive muscle relaxation techniques can reduce pain in theory, but they have not applied this technique because they consider collaborating with doctors in providing analgesics to work faster than the use of non- pharmacological therapies. Besides that, patients with postoperative pain appendectomy have not received their own intervention in their treatment.

AVAILABILITY IN PUSBILA PROGRAMS WITH ELDERLY PHYSICAL HEALTH STATUS

Jajuk Kusumawaty, Nur Hidayat, Risa Meinatria — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: As life expectancy increases, the number of elderly people increases. In western Java, the elderly population in 2010 reached 3.440.000 people then in 2012 increased to 7,759,207 inhabitants. Elderly devlopment center is a realization of the implementation of development program of Government policy through health service for elderly, in an effort to increase health level optimally. Purpose: This study aims to determine the association of pusbila program with physical health status of the elderly. Method: This research is a quantitative research with retrospective cohort approach using accidental sampling technique, with 45 samples. The study was conducted on May 4, 2018. The research instrument used documentation processed by chi-square test using SPSS. Result: The result of statistical test shows: 1) Relationship of blood pressure examination with physical health status of elderly obtained p value = 0,000; 2) Relationship of BMI examination with physical health status of elderly obtained p value = 0,003. Conclusions: Blood pressure and BMI have a significant relationship with elderly physical health status (p value <0.05)

THE EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF YOGA ANTENATAL AND AL-QUR'AN MURATTAL THERAPY ON BLOOD PRESSURE, ANXIETY, sFlt-1 AND PIGF IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA RISK

Mamlukah Mamlukah, Isti Kumalasari — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Anxiety is considered one of the risk factors for preeclampsia. High stress in pregnancy could increase stress hormones, blood pressure and decrease birth weight. The incidence of hypertension in pregnancies ranging from 12-22% and responsible for 17.6% maternal deaths, and also complicates around 8% of all pregnancies. The sFlt-1/PIGF ratio is seen as the best predictor for preeclampsia cases. Method: This study used true design of the pretest-posttest controlled group at the Puskesmas in Majalengka District. Ten pregnant women were given an additional combination of antenatal yoga and murattal al-Qur'an therapy for 60 minutes 12 times during 6 weeks, and 10 rests only received routine midwifery care. All respondents measured anxiety, sFlt-1, PlGF, and blood pressure before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: There were significant differences in systolic, diastolic and anxiety among two groups as shown in table 2 which were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Interventions using murottal and antenatal yoga have been shown to reduce systolic pressure by 10 mmHg, reduce diastolic pressure by 1.5 mmHg and anxiety by 14.4 points. Although the levels of sFlt-1 and PIGF did not differ significantly between the intervention and control groups, but the intervention could increase the PIGF value by 392.5, whereas in the control group it decreased. In addition, the intervention was also able to reduce the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio more than the control group by 67.14. The sFlt-1 / PIGF ratio is seen as the best predictor for preeclampsia.

THE IMPACT OF COUNSELING ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ON WOMEN PRISONERS (A STUDY AT WOMEN PENITENTIARY INSTITUTION CLASS II A SEMARANG)

Mohammad Zen Rahfiludin, Dina Rahayuning, Siti Fatimah, Suroto Suroto — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background: One of the factors that cause health problems is the lack of information about nutrition and physical activity. The study aims to determine the effect of counseling on changes in nutritional knowledge and physical activity on women prisoners in the Women Penitentiary Institution Class II A Semarang. Method: This study used quasi-experimental with one group pre-test and post-test design. Intervention in the form of one-time counseling. Pre test and post test are done in one day.The sampling technique was using simple random sampling. The subjects were 50 women prisoners from common criminal offence cases. Data was analyzed by using Wilcoxson Signed Ranks Test. Results: The results showed that most of the subjects had high school education level (80%). The mean of age, body weight, body height and body fat percentage were 34.5 ± 8.4 years old, 61.3 ± 9.0 kg, 154.4 ± 4.5 cm and 33.7± 47%. Body Mass Index of 44% subjects were type I obesity. Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) of 94% subjects were normal. The median of knowledge score before counseling were 19 (15-21) and knowledge score after counseling were 20 (15-25). There was an average difference of knowledge of the subjects before and after intervention (p = 0.003). There was a correlation between education and knowledge of the subjects (p = 0.017). Conclusion: It is recommended for the penitentiary administrators to give education about nutrition and physical activity for the prisoners to increase their knowledge.

EFFECTIVENESS OF COUNTER PRESSURE AND ENDORPHINE MASSAGE TO REDUCING OF LABOR PAIN

Ni Putu Aryani, Nurul Hikmah Annisa, Anna Layla Salfarina — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Background : Pain during labor is a physiological condition that is generally experienced by almost all women giving birth. Medical measures to overcome labor pain can be with non pharmacological treatment, such as counter pressure and endorphine massage. When given counter pressure and endorphine massage, there is an increase in parasympathetic activity that can increase heart rate, reduce blood pressure, increase heart rate variability, increase blood flow and increase relaxation substances so as to reduce the tension of relative nerves. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of counter pressure and endorphine massage to reducing the level of pain during the first stage of labor. Method: The design of this study used an observational analytic pre-experimental model with two groups pre post test design with 48 sample at the Narmada Hospital in West Lombok. The purposive sampling was used for sampling technique with the t-independent test for statistical analysis. Results: The scale of labor pain before and after treated with counter pressure respectively is respondents (58.3%) at medium level and 16 respondents (66.7%) at low level of labor pain. Mean while, the result after given endorphine massage, there was no significant in the results of the analysis of labor pain distribution at the medium level is 16 respondents (66.7%). The results of the statistical test obtained a value of t calculated > t table for the group with counter pressure and massage endorphine. Conclusion: The group with counter pressure was better at reducing the level of labor pain compared to the group with endorphine massage.

STIMULATION OF EDUCATION THROUGH BOOKLET TO COMPLIANCE LEVEL OF DRUG TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Successful treatment of disease tuberculosis is influenced by patient compliance in taking the medicine. Prolonged treatment of tuberculosis and the resulting side effects and reduced symptoms in the initial treatment cause saturation for patients in completing treatment. This study was conducted to determine the level of patient compliance before and after being given educational stimulation through booklets carried out on tuberculosis patients at Ciamis Regional Hospital. This study uses the method of one group pretest - posttest design. Samples were collected by accidental sampling with a sample size of 40 respondents using booklet media and questionnaires. The results of the study, the level of medication adherence to tuberculosis patients at Ciamis District General Hospital experienced an increase before and after the booklet was given, this can be seen from the percentage increase in compliance levels from 17.5% to 65%. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed that there was a significant difference (p≤0.05) between before and after being given education using a booklet. And it can be concluded that the provision of booklet educational stimulation can improve adherence to taking medication for tuberculosis patients.

DIFFERENCE IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OXYTOCIN MASSAGE AND WARM BREAST COMPRESS ON BREAST MILK PRODUCTION AMONG POST CAESAREAN SECTION (CS) WOMEN AT MAJALENGKA DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2017

Rosmawati Rosmawati, Idris handriana — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Impaired breast milk production usually occurs in post CS women. There are several efforts that can be performed to overcome the impaired breast milk production in post CS women, including oxytocin massage and warm compresses on the breast. This study aims to determine the difference in the effectiveness of oxytocin massage and warm breast compress on breast milk production among post Caesarean Section (CS) women at Majalengka District General Hospital. This study used static group comparison design. The populations in this study were all post-CS women in the 3rd day who experienced milk production disruption. The sampling used purposive sampling technique with sample number of 10 post-CS women who were given treatment of oxytocin massage and 10 post-CS women who were given treatment of warm breast compress. The study instruments used were questionnaires and observation sheet on the sufficient breastfed signs. Data analysis performed were univariate analysis with frequency distribution table and bivariate analysis with Mann-Whitney U test. The study results described that more than half respondents had breast milk production in the sufficient category as much as 70% after oxytocin massage and 50% after warm breast compress. It can be concluded in this study that there was no difference in the effectiveness of oxytocin massage and warm breast compress on breast milk production among post SC women at Majalengka District General Hospital (ρ=0,555). The efforts made to overcome the disruption of breast milk production should not only breast care and cold warm compresses. Oxytocin massage can be conducted to overcome the disruption of breast milk production, because it can stimulate the oxytocin hormone and can provide comfort for the mother.

THE INFLUENCE OF JIGSAW AS A COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD IN MIDWIFERY CARE COMMUNITY COURSE TO THE STYDENTS’ SOFTSKILLS ENHANCEMENT IN MIDWIFERY DEPARTMENT

Siti Fatimah — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Tracer study conducted in 2012 about the performance of graduates Midwifery School of Faculty of Health Sciences, Galuh University (FIKes UNIGAL) Ciamis, showed that the employers in obstetric services were not satisfied with the ability of the graduates’s soft skills. Learning methods are already known to have influences the development of students soft skills. Conventional method using classical lecture class is the most widely method used, does not encourage the development of soft skills. Jigsaw methods is one of learning methods in student centered learning that requires active participation of students are expected to develop soft skills of the students. The study aimed to analyze the influence of jigsaw methods in the course of community midwifery care to increase students soft skills. This study was designed using analytical model of a quasi-experimental pre-post control group design whose subjects were second level students of fourth semester Midwifery School FIKes UNIGAL. There were two classes in the second level midwifery school consisted of 25 and 24 students. The research determined which class received jigsaw and conventional method randomly. To test the difference using Mann Whitney test for the unpaired and Wilcoxon test for the paired one, as well as Chi Square test and relative risk to see the effect of jigsaw methods in the course of community midwifery care towards the enhancement of soft skills. The increased percentage of soft skills in the jigsaw group was 32,93% where as in the conventional group was 1,67%. The results of this study indicated that there was significant improvement of the students soft skills in jigsaw method group (p <0.001). There were significant improvement of all atributs of soft skills: communication skills, teamwork, the ability of thinking/reasoning, problem solving, information management, moral ethics, and leadership. Jigsaw cooperative learning methods to improve soft skills 2.7 times compared to the conventional group in the course of midwifery care community. From this study, it concludes that the jigsaw method is better in improving the soft skills of students and has a positive influence on the improvement of soft skills of midwifery students. It is expected that jigsaw cooperative learning methods can be applied to other subjects besides community midwifery care.

EFFECT OF MUSIC THERAPY ON THE DECREASE IN THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSION AMONG DEPRESSED PATIENTS AT PSYCHIATRY POLYCLINIC OF MAJALENGKA DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2018

Suharno Suharno — Sun, 10 Nov 2019 00:00:00 +0000

Depression can affect all levels of society without distinguishing social, economic and educational status. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression is a serious mental problem because it is the fourth common disorder in the world. About 20% of women and 12% of men, at one time in their lives have ever experienced depression. Depression is a mental disorder characterized by a trias of depression, namely prolonged sadness, decreased motivation, and lack of energy to carry out daily activities. Disaster events are one of the risk factors that can cause depression disorders as the result of the loss process. (Keliat, 2011: 20). Depression is a severe disorder of feeling and is manifested by great impairment in social function and physical function, is long and settled in the individual concerned. Depression and it is a normal reaction if it takes place in a short time with the presence of a clear triggering factor and the duration and depth of depression are in accordance with its triggering factor. Depression is a psychotic symptom if the complaint is not in accordance with reality anymore, and a person cannot judge reality and cannot be understood by others. (Yosep, 2010: 275). According to WHO, depression disorder ranks fourth of common disorder in the world. In 2020 it is estimated that depression will rank second for the global burden of non communicable diseases (Fadilah, 2011). According to World Health Organization data, increasing depression that cannot be controlled can cause many people to commit suicide because they are unable to bear the burden of life and for those who are still able to survive will experience mental retardation (Social Department, 2012). Statistical data presented by WHO (2012) states that around 450 million people in the world experience mental health problems. One third of them occur in developing countries. Data found by researchers at Harvard University and London University College showed that psychiatric illness in 2016 included 32% of all types of disability worldwide. This number increased from the previous year (VOA Indonesia, 2016). Meanwhile the recurrence rate in psychiatric patients globally reached 50% to 92% due to non-compliance in treatment and due to lack of support and living conditions that are vulnerable to increased stress (Sheewangisaw, 2012).

SUPERVISION OF THE HEAD OF THE ROOM ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT SAFETY BY IMPLEMENTING NURSES AT THE LINGGAJATI KUNINGAN HOSPITAL

Endah Sari Purbaningsih, Muadi — Sun, 30 Dec 2018 00:00:00 +0000

Background Supervision activities include activities, namely directing activities, suggestions, motivation, training and guidance as well as assessments. The patient safety program is expected to prevent injuries caused by errors/errors as a result of carrying out an action or not taking actions that should be taken and increasing the hospital's accountability for services provided to patients (DepKes RI, 2006). Patient safety performance as a quality performance of a hospital (organization) is influenced by the performance of individuals (in this case nurses) in it (Yulia, 2010). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the supervision of the head of the room and patient safety at the Linggajati Hospital in Kuningan. Subject and methods This study uses a descriptive correlational method with a cross sectional approach. The population of all nurses in the Inpatient Installation of Linggajati Hospital Kuningan, a sample of 52 respondents. Collecting data using a questionnaire with a value of Alpha Crombach = 0.984 and patient safety = 0.993.

The results showed that most of the implementing nurses had a good perception of the supervision of the head of the inpatient room at the Linggatai Kuningan Hospital (55.8%), most of the implementing nurses had implemented patient safety well, namely 53.8%. And there is a relationship between the supervision of the head of the room with the implementation of patient safety at the 45 Kuningan Hospital.

Suggestions based on the results of the study are nurses to develop knowledge and skills about patient safety through training, seminars and continuing education and for hospitals to schedule training for staff and continuing education.