DETERMINANTS OF STUNTING IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS IN URBAN AREAS: A LITERATUR REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a serious public health problem and occurring in first 1000 days of life. The aim of this research to describe determinants of stunting in children under 5 years at urban areas. Method: A literature review used electronic database subscribed by the Universitas Indonesia; EBSCO. The search method uses several keywords namely 'determinants' AND 'stunting' AND 'urban areas' then filtered based on certain publications from 2008 to 2018, using full text, children under 5 years and English. Result: Based  on  the  results  of  the  literature  review  conducted,  it  can  be  seen determinants of stunting in children under 5 years in urban areas is family socioeconomic status, place of residence, food insecurity, gender, child’s age, low birth weight (LBW), mother's age at first birth, maternal height, early initiation of breastfeeding, antenatal care visit, consumption of iodized salt and mother’s education. Conclusion : Of the 12 variables which are determinants of stunting in children under 5 years in urban areas, the variable socio-economic status of the family is a variable that often arises.  The need  for intervention on the  first  1000 days  of life.  In addition, interventions in the pre-conception period were needed to prevent the occurrence of stunting.